So, I've just started recording and we're kicking off the ACC introduction to webinar.
I'll talk a little bit, just an overview. So the ATC is hydrologic engineering center, which is part of, which is U. S Army Corps of engineers, which is an agency in the United States, which is tasks.
With certain parts of water resources management within the United States, we have several agencies, federal agencies, state, local agencies that are tasked with water resources and.
Comes into play particularly and the discipline of flood risk management.
But we also we operate a whole system of dams and levies throughout the country. And that's largely where our software is used.
So, as part of that we develop and distribute for free, you see there, we get about 75 downloads. downloads
Per year of the software, it's become what we consider to be or a lot of people consider be industry standards software for hydrology modeling and ACC. Likewise. Industry standards software for hydraulics modeling.
The latest release of our software is version 4.10 and then we've also been working on a beta a development version, which is 4.11. we're on beta 16 now. So, here very shortly we should be releasing version 4.11 final. releasing version four point eleven final
We also, in addition to Windows distributions, we have Mac and Linux so if you happen to be working on those platforms, we have that those distribution packages available as well.
I'll go ahead and say, again, if feel free to raise your hand, at any point, if you have a question, or even better, just pop that question in the chat and we'll have a team member respond to it.
And if we think it's worth repeating to the group, we'll take a look at the question and read it aloud for everyone. All right and then you see the link to download.
Technical transfer materials and documentation, so our documentation includes release notes and those just recap all the new features that we've added to the software.
We have a user's manual that goes through the program operation and explained all of the menus and entry fields and how they work.
That's the usage manual tech reference manual is the basis for all the calculations in a lot of those come from academic literature and we have all of the references back to those.
Journal articles and papers, those sorts of things, and the technical reference manual.
We have an applications guide, which guides you through typical applications of the program and we have a validation guide, which is just.
Shows how it validates the computations in the program.
Around our training material side, there's tutorials and guides. These are small granular guide that just take you through example applications. We're going to go through 1 of which today.
And then we have our what we call our basic class and our advanced class all online. So you see, here, hydrologic, modeling with in advanced applications.
The, these are entire courses that we provide to the core or to other entities throughout the year. And we post all that material online so you could go through all that at your own pace. If you want to do another course.
Hydrology and hydraulic for D*** safety and then we have a host of Webinars and conference materials that we also post online. We do webinars quite frequently. We try to record them and then we post the videos online later and then conference materials.
Our team is often presenting at conference conferences and so we tried to post our slides or our posters, anything that came from that conference online for everyone to see. So there's links to all those on the slide.
And then this is just an example of tutorials and guides. This is actually the tutorial that we're going to go through today, which is generating a flow forecast with them. I got river and the Philippines.
You'll see get a feel for what a, an tutorial and guide is, but when we go through that in a bit.
But the link there is to all of our tutorials and guide.
Which cover a wide array of different applications with the software.
Basic class materials, there's the link for that. The important thing there is that we actually have YouTuber videos of all of our instructions there and those are 3 to 5 minute videos on different topics. So you can actually go through all of our videos there.
And then you can also go through our workshops. The workshops are.
They're just tutorials, that's all they are and they're about an hour. So we'll, we have presentations on the topics. We have slides on the topics and then we have workshops that you can actually go through to practice the different concepts.
And so that's the link to our basic teaching class at the end of today you want to learn more about coming from.
Um, nearly nothing, if you don't know too much about the software, this would be a great place to start and that's 40 hours of material.
And then we have our webinar posted at this link. And, like I said, we give webinars all the time throughout the year when we do, we try to capture those on video. And then we post them here. So we'll have our presentations.
And then our webinars, those tend to be on the order of an hour, and they cover various topics. So you can scroll through this page at linked here, and just look at the different topics. And if something is of interest to you, you could probably watch it.
Webinar and learn a lot about that specific topic.
All right with that, I'm going to pass it to Mike. Who's going to go over the software.
All right, so let's talk briefly about what is and what it can do.
Um, in a nutshell is a software application in which you build physical representations of.
Reality right you're simulating the precipitation runoff process within itself is not a model. It's used to build models. So representations of reality, we'll let you choose the processes that are most important.
To your specific application, so, in a nutshell, what it does is it simulates the complete precipitation, run off processes and dendritic watersheds.
Can be a mouthful, but that is essentially what it does.
Sms doesn't have a toggle for short or long simulations. You don't enter a continuous simulation mode versus an event simulation mode you choose, right?
You can use the most appropriate processes for your specific application. It's up to the user to select which 1 is most important. We don't discriminate between short simulations and long simulations, but we support simulations of a minute.
Versus thousands of years, it's all the same to us. We compute it the same way.
Is used for a multitude of applications like water, availability, urban drainage flow forecasting is a big 1 reservoir and dam and Libby safety. Um.
The core of engineers is in the business of building, what damage? Reduction structures and infrastructure throughout the country regulating floodplains, working on reservoir systems and finding their optimal operation as Jay is going to talk about sediment transport.
Um, for sure, we also generate outputs freeze and and other applications, other downstream applications we will talk about here in a 2nd.
You go to the next 1, Tommy so here's a relatively simple application of, um.
Where we are computing runoff Hydra graphs at specific locations, say, gauged locations where we actually have observed data. Um, and that's, uh.
Demonstrated in the left image there where the computed results from, and blue are being compared against observed results, shown in black. Um, in that case, we're modifying parameters to better recreate.
How much water goes into the ground versus how much water is on the Overland surface versus how much is base flow that returns to the channel later on in time versus how does the flood wave get attenuated and translated as it moves to the river system.
So once we have those parameters calibrated, we can then delineate flood plains and this is typically done with these within, as shown in the image on the righthand side. In this case.
This is the system that is being partially over topped. So this may be for flood forecasting, or this may be for emergency operations, or this may be for designing new infrastructure. We're delineating and actuall floodplain.
So, for instance, we're interested in the 1% floodplain 10,100 floodplains throughout the United States for using the National flood insurance program. national flood insurance program
All right, we're good in the next 1 and here's a more complicated.
Uh, application for agency, so we can also sarcastically sample from 1 or more uncertain parameters using Monte Carlo procedures to estimate the uncertainty in variables that you actually care about, like,
run off rates or timing or volumes or reservoir pool elevation, something like that. So, this helps us make risk informed decisions. Um.
Because we want to know how certain we are um.
Design criteria, or, um.
Full elevations or whatever that we think are going to be realized within the lifespan of a specific project, or could potentially be realized during the lifespan of a potential project. This helps us make.
Wise investment decisions when millions or billions of dollars are on the line. So, the example that I'm showing here uses uncertain snowmelt rates to estimate the distribution of potential flood, hydro graphs at a location in California.
Um, well, in this case specifically, Nevada.
So, this shows you, a more complex example of is used.
Have you go to the next 1 some common use cases? I talked about feasibility studies we are constantly assessing whether or not a proposed.
Uh, solution to flooding would actually.
Have a positive impact so each of us is used very commonly in those cases. Maybe safety risk assessments are ongoing like Tommy, and said we have a large portfolio of dams and levies.
Whatever 700 dams in particular and about 15,000 miles linear miles of levies that we've constructed throughout the United States. We got to keep tabs on and evaluate performance. We're constantly doing flow in stage.
Frequency analysis is used heavily for that blood, forecasting the corps of engineers, given us large portfolio structures. We need to make informed decisions on how to operate those structures. So, we're constantly doing.
That is cornerstone to those applications and also becoming more and more prevalent and more and more common recently as quantitative climate change assessments. So the example that I show on the right hand side. Here is a sequence think of 40 ensemble traces.
So these are all realizations of potential futures looking at a saying we're making a forecast in January 2017, but we have 40 different possibilities of what the future could entail. So that can comprise uncertainty in meteorology.
We're not really certain. meteorology we're not really certain
Exactly, how much is going to rain, you know, a month and a half from now, but we do have possibilities and also uncertainty in that conversion of precipitation to run off. So this.
Constitutes a wide range of possible realizations that could be realized in the future. And this is how we're actually doing climate change assessments.
All right, I will jump into the demo.
All right, thank you, Mike. So with that, we are going to jump into a demo and.
Hopefully, this is posted on our website, so hopefully you can follow along later at your own speed. I know it will seem a little bit fast to you today. If you're not too familiar with the.
Software, but we do have the tutorial available online.
What I'm going to do, I'm just going to pull it up on my machine.
It prepared with my Windows here, and then I'm also going to launch.
Okay, so, in this demonstration, we love doing demonstrations just so you see us using the software and you get a feel for how it works.
And this demonstration that we'll go through today, we're going to generate a flow forecast for the magadha river and the Philippines. So this will be inflow for the D**.
And the 1st part, here's the study area. Hopefully you all are familiar with that is.
Fun for me to put this together. I didn't know too much about the hydrology of the Philippines, but I learned a little bit about this space.
And this river is a tributary to the largest river in the Philippines.
A guy and I know I'm saying that wrong. I'm so sorry but anyhow, that is that is where the water flows from the got river out, and we got D***. So we'll go through this today and just.
Demonstrate a forecast I'm going to start with the fundamental so we're going to start by building this model from scratch with data.
And I provided all of the.
In these workshops, you'll see things like this. This is just the files that are used to work through the workshop. So that's our files.
The 1st thing I'm going to do is create a new project, so I'm going to do file new. I'm going to name my project got river.
And I'm going to put it in my projects folder and then I'm going to use the metric system since we're doing this internationally and not the United States.
So, we've created our project. The next thing I'm willing to do is add my terrain data. I already generated this drain data and the I downloaded what's called data, which is a NASA product to remotely sense.
Digital elevation model, so I'm going to name this.
That's the data source. The next thing I'm going to do is to browse to this data on my machine.
And the file is called dot.
All right I've imported my data.
Next thing I'm going to do is create a base that model.
And I'm going to name it lookout river.
I've created my base model, I'm going to browse to that note and what we call the watershed Explorer and now I'm going to link my terrain data. So I just click here. I'm going to have to save button.
And this prompts me about the base and model coordinate system. Now, I can optionally set this to whatever, coordinate, referencing system that I want, but I'm going to hit the skip button, which is just going to use the coordinate referencing system of the terrain data.
Which happens to be 51 North already re, projected my train data into that projection. So we're using 51 doors. I can verify that from the menu. Just take a look here. There it is. There's our projection. our projection
All right, the next thing I'm going to do, I linked the terrain data.
I'm going to do prepare the strain data for hydrologic modeling and to do that. I go through this menu. You see here.
So the 1st thing I'll do is what's called terrain reconditioning and this just reinforces the boundaries and the streams of our.
Of our watershed, so on the wall stuff, I'm going to select the watershed.
And then I'm going to select some parameters for this.
Build wall step now there's a tutorial guide link that covers this in detail. Unfortunately, I don't have time to cover it in detail today, but it is there. If you want to see more about it. Now, what I'm going to do is burn streams into my terrain.
We use a couple different parameters here.
All right, I'm going to hit the next button, and I'll show you the net result.
Like I said, all it's doing is it's raising and lowering certain sales just to reinforce certain boundaries like my watershed boundary and stream locations.
Reconditioning is complete if I can zoom in on these rafters you probably can see what I mean.
We see certain areas here where the terrain has done lower to reinforce stream center line, and we see certain areas here where the train's been raised to reinforce watershed boundaries.
So, if you have that data available, it's good practice to do it just speeds up the drain processing steps and it makes sure that you get.
Similar boundaries to what's been published. I've just done that. The next step on. The menu will be to Pre process. Syncs. This is just going to fill in the low areas of the train and you can see the result of that.
You see some of these areas where there's relative minimum, those have all been filled in. Now, the next step is going to be to preprocess the drainage and this does a 8 point poor algorithm to create a.
What we call a D, a roster so water in any grid on the rafter can go 1 of 8 directions and that's any of the 8 grid cells that surround.
The single that the cell that we're currently on, and that's just used for some of these subsequent train processing steps like watershed delineation. So, what you see here is actually the flow accumulation roster.
And then we can also use our map players.
To take a look at flow direction. So this is a flow direction roster and that just represents the direction that the water flows from any given cell.
Okay, the next step I'm going to do is called identify streams.
And it's just the next step on the menu and this is going to identify streams.
In our terrain, I'm going to use a threshold of 1000 kilometer squared and that's just a minimum threshold for which we're going to use to define the stream.
And so here you see the stream that's been defined.
And you can see it working through my modeling domain.
The next step is going to be to import some break points. I'm going to use the break point manager.
And just select, I have a break point shape file. I created this in a, and it's just based on gauge location that I happen to have in the modeling domain and then a relative approximation of the location of the employee to the dam.
And then finally the location of the dam so those are my break points. Now, the final step will be to delineate elements. The only option I'm going to select here is just to insert some junctions in my delineation. So I just hit the delineate option.
And it's going to delay it the sub basins and there's the delineation. I have a couple of sub basins here. I have 3, sub basins.
2 reaches and a sync.
And then junctions between the reaches.
So, anyway, the final step, I'm just going to turn a couple layers off now that we've gone through delineation. I don't really need a break points layer, or any of these other terrain processing layers. So I'll just toggle those off and it'll be less to render.
And make it a little bit easier on the eyes. So, this is what it looks like with all of those layers turned off now. Finally, I will say there is the ability to merge and split. So, basically, we're not going to go into that right now.
But if that's something you're curious about, we can certainly come back around to it.
After this session, so for any of these reaches or sub basins, we could either merge them together or break them apart. That is part of our processing capability.
So, I'm going to turn it over to Mike who's going to go over some adding some parameter estimates for model.
Awesome Thank you, Tommy. Uh, while we're transferring capabilities um.
It never ceases to amaze me how much faster that process is hopefully you guys weren't subjected to in the past. Maybe you were. I didn't find it so bad.
Personally, but I know that it was a trouble spot.
For for others, and certainly ran into memory limitations, the process that Tommy just went through, say, like, 5 years ago would have taken a day.
To do that, um, you saw how fast it went through that that was like, 10 minutes worth of work.
I don't know, have you guys ever used 4 in the past have any experience fumbling around with that 1.
Now, maybe hit it up in the chat or, let me know, feel free to interrupt and ask questions at any time too. We're going to go rather quick. So if something doesn't make sense.
1st feel free to raise your hand. Just ask a question about it.
All right, so I'm going to go through the process of parameterized this model. And what do I mean, by that? Um.
We have all these sub basins, resell them instructions and all that other stuff that Tommy just delineated.
But how are we actually converting precipitation to run off or stream flow? In this case if I click on 1 of these sub basins, we have a whole bunch of different methods that are actually used to convert precipitation to run off. Right?
And we have methods within the routing reach to actually translate and attenuate that Hydro graph. We gotta select those processes and parameters and actually give us some meaning, some physical meaning to what we want in the watershed. 1st things. 1st, I want to change this default.
Naming convention and I want to do it for every single element.
So, I'm going to re, click on the base model, say, rename based in elements and now I can rename them all to what I want. We don't have any rules.
On what Canon cannot be used in here.
Except for you cannot use the same name twice so you can't have 2, sub, jason's name sub base in 1. you can't have to reach his name breach 1 or something like that.
That's the only thing we we enforce in this case, but.
Now that I've renamed those ones, so what I want go ahead and click apply. Now, everything is renamed the way that I want it to be.
And then now, I want to go through the actual prioritization process.
1st thing that I want to do is change my discretization method. And what do I mean, by discretization.
I want it to be greeted or not essentially what I'm after. So if I click on an element that changes down here in the lower left corner, we call that the component editor.
I clicked on a reach element that changes over here. I can double click on that element and I can get a freestanding frame to actually go through this parameters process.
I'm gonna go through this once for the discretization method. I'll go ahead and click structured. We have 3 different options in here file specified as the old timey dot file. That used to be generated by.
We still support that but structured is our workforce. Now, this is like, the 95% solution if you want to do 2 D, modeling, you use the unstructured option and then you can actually import meshes that are generated from. But we're going to use structured in this case.
Now that I selected the structured discretization method. I get a new tab in here these tabs are for all the different methods that you have currently enabled, they go to the discretization option. discretization option
Like, Tommy said before we're in zone 51 North, so go ahead and select that 1 and now that sub basin has got a discretization method, but the other 2 don't.
So, why don't I do that all at once? And I have some really cool tools my capability to be able to do that. So I'm going go ahead and click parameters and then go down to discretization.
Change method say yes, and I want them all to be structured.
So, I just changed every single sub base, and in the base model to use the same method.
This is only 3 sub basins, but you can see where it gets really, really beneficial to have these options to do this in 1 fell swoop for everything all at once if I have 100 elements and it makes parameters so much easier we call this the global parameter editor,
so all I did was click on parameters, discretization and structured. structured
In this case, this is the global editor for the structured discretization.
I want to change all these to be zone 51 North.
Right and I can individually select them or.
I can enforce my 1st selection, so I'm going to select the cells that actually want to edit right click and say, fill and then say, repeat 1st value. And now I just fill it in all those cells below there.
Again, something that's really, really useful when you have very large models with a whole bunch of different elements, and you want to do things really snappy and quick. Now that I've done that I can actually go and compute.
Good cells, so we're actually going to do is we're going to drape a grid over these elements and show you.
Where those individual cells lie and this 1 didn't get set again.
Go ahead, and change that 1 to 51 North and we'll see how quick we can do this.
Select, and I'm going to compute cells again and they should all be essentially straight vertical right? Because we're in the 51 North projection.
Um, they should all be essentially orthogonal.
And they are, these are the grid cells that are actually going to allow for, um, parameters to be specified. They can progress independent of 1 another um, we're actually going to be doing lumps.
Modeling in here, but under the hood, we actually do some discretization to get through that. But those are all are good selves that we want to use next. I want to specify what canopy method.
To go through, so let's go ahead again. I can click on an element and go through the canopy method like this. I want to do the simple canopy, or I can just do it all at once, which is.
The options fastest I want to do that. I'm going to change all my sub basis to use the simple canopy method. I'm going to go to canopy, simple canopy and now I want to specify an initial storage within the canopy of 0%.
There's no water to start with, in the canopy Max, the canopy can hold 5 millimeters and I want to compute if a transportation for wet and dry periods. So, whether it's raining or not, I want to have some that comes out.
And the simple uptake method allows me to actually pull water from the soil into the canopy and evaporate transfer. transfer
Away right so we can regain some actual infiltrated moisture.
Some storage space now I've parameterized my canopy method now. I want to do loss.
Currently, I am using the initial and constant loss method. I don't want to do that. I'm going to use the deficit and cost method.
So, I'm going to go ahead and do change method and change that to deficit and constant.
If you are familiar with the initial constant method, which is essentially there's this much volume to start with this big of a bucket to start with. Um, that's the initial loss. And the deficit is how much water can actually come in at a constant rate.
Into the soil, or pass through the soil in this case, the deficit and constant method takes that 1 step further and allows for continuous simulation capabilities by specifying a maximum amount of water or how dry this will can actually be.
We can look at it either way. And this allows for water to be recovered, or so we should be recovered. Um.
And extracted in between precipitation events I want to have an initial deficit of 5 millimeters. Um, and again, I want to do this a little bit faster. So I'm going to specify the 1st 1 right? Click Phil, go down and 2 millimeters for those.
1st ones are for the the constant rate, you have some other options in here for actually filling in those values. I typically use the repeat verse value, but you can interpolate values if you'd like to.
So, now I have my last method parameters I want to parameterized my transform method now.
Change that method from Clark to Clark.
Change that guy, and now I want to specify.
My time of concentration and watershed storage coefficient, we have some really nice tools that allow you to do this. Right we don't have to just guess at what these things are. You can just guess, and then go through calibration to figure those things out. But we actually do want to do a better job of that.
I should have mentioned earlier. I do have a link in here.
For more discussion regarding parameter ization of loss methods.
So, if you want to know where I got these parameters from how we actually do this within the US, what you guys can do in in the Philippines as well, you can click on these methods over here and talk about calibration as well to transform special.
So this is translation and attenuation on the Overland plane, and I can do something really special with this. So, 1st, things. 1st, I want to go through and compute so basic characteristics. And these things are.
Statistics like longest flow path, so for the s, upper space and this guy, right here, the longest flow path actually goes along this blue line and then travels up here.
To this point, this is the most hydraulically distant point within this watershed. This doesn't take into account roughness or anything, or slope or anything else like that. So it's not travel time. It's length. So this is the longest length that water would actually take.
To get to the outlet of the sub basin, they actually compute central flow, pick some other slopes that go along with this given these metrics. We can actually infer reasonable estimates of time of concentration and watershed storage. Coefficient.
And what I'm going to do now is I go back to the transform editor, and I click this calculator button.
And I'm going to go to the stats tab. So if you were actually have a whole bunch of grids specified.
So, you had grids of time of concentration you can actually sample from those grids in here, but I want to use the stats, and I can build equations in here.
So, maybe I want to do 2.2 times, longest flow path, length times, central flow path, length, divided by Lopez slope. lopez slope
Something like that, you can build equations that actually predict these values. Here's a common 1 that we actually use within the United States.
So we're a function of longest length, central flow path, length and the square root of the 25 flip slope.
And once they actually calculate that we go through for every single sub base, and we figure out what the longest path length is what the central flow path length is what the flow past or the 25 slope is. And we actually compute time of concentration. of concentration
Maybe I wanted to set that equal the storage coefficient.
Such that I had the exact same value for each. You can do that. This is possible through the calculator function. Here. I'm going to modify these parameters ever so slightly to get us closer to where we want. I kind of know what the calibrated values are. Anyways.
And I want to get us there a little bit closer. So I'm going to use time of concentration to 5 hours for both of the upper and lower sub, based on 2 hours for the local sub basin for both.
Any questions on that, or I move on, we typically teach this over the span of, like, 2 or 3 hours. So you guys just got.
A lot in a very short amount of time. All right. Let me do base flow.
I'm going to change this method to the linear reservoir method.
Really heavy on that. 1 I'm going to parameterized this method to use an initial discharge type of discharge per area and I want point 01, CMS per square kilometer coming out everything that influence rates.
I want to be converted to base flow. That's what the fraction means. I'm using a single layer here as well, and I want to use a coefficient linear reservoir coefficient at 20 hours for each sub base and 1 reservoir. reservoir
If you want more information on how this actually works, or what this method does go ahead and check out that link.
Were asking me a question, we'll get through that, and finally for routing I want to do lag routing and the upper.
Is going to have a lag time, is 180 minutes and the local lower is going to have a lag time of 60 minutes. This is the most simple routing method we have in. It's pure translation. No attenuation at all. So the peak discharge won't actually change within the routing reach.
We just translate it in time. We have other options as well much more complicated options. If you'd like. if you'd like
Go ahead, and check out that link there. And another thing that I want to do is I want to associate and observe flow time series at this junction right here.
So, what I want to do is start with my observed discharge, which is this guy, we store this within a DSS file data storage system. Um, you guys don't have any experience with that.
Feel free to ask us about it. There's other ways to get observed discharge in here, but I want this to actually be contained within the project. So we have a blurb about that.
It's best practice to store this data with your project, such that if you pass this off to somebody that you work with.
They got it right away. I'm going to make a new time series gauge. I'm going to call that a vague gauge.
Create that no, I'm not gonna link.
To this record.
Select the time series that I specifically want to save it now, if that's been updated.
Now, I can actually associate that with a specific location, so I go to that Junction and I say, hey, use this observe time series right here and I want to select a computation point. So it draws the eye here. We also get additional calibration tools that are located right there.
So, once you're all set up, should look like this. All right I'll kick it back over to Tommy.
All right, thank you, Mike next, I'm going to go through importing medial logic boundary conditions. So this is just going to be the precipitation data that drives our model.
The 1st, step of this process is going to be to export our updates and polygons. We're going to use those polygons to clip our data. So we don't have a huge domain often. Our data is distributed with a very large domain.
We want to flip it just down to where we want to model. So I'm going to export my sub basins. I can do this from the menu export layers options.
I'm the sub license, and then the 2nd step will just be to specify the location on my machine where I want to store those. So I'm going to put it.
In my temporary drive name it or dot shape.
I said export and you see it successfully export it to this location. I can hit this open dialogue and that's just going to open a dialogue for me. So I can see where that shape file has been written to.
Okay, the ship has been generated the next step is going to be to import the data itself. So to do that, I'm going to go to the file menu.
Import data importer and this launches the grid data import wizard.
I'm going to browse locally on my machine for some data that I have already downloaded and this happens to be data. It's.
From NASA, it's called a global precipitation measurement data merge.
That's the data source I'm using, I'm going to select the variable that's common throughout our data sets. This one's called precipitation calibrated. That's the name of the variable. And now I'm going to go back to that shape file that I just export it and select that.
That's going to be the basis for clipping the rosters on import.
I'm going to select a target wicket a target projection, which is going to be 40. sorry 51 North.
So this just says re, project all of my input data into this unit system and then finally I'm going to set a sell side of 2000 meters and use the or sampling method.
And then the final step is just to select a destination for my data. I'm going to put this in my project directory.
Let's see if I can browse with that pretty quickly. So I have my project directory is see.
Projects.
Data this is where I want it, I'm going to name the file October 2010.
Dss okay, and I'll hit next to start the import process.
So now it's reading data from all those files it's imported that to DSS and now we can use it in. I'm going to close this wizard.
Okay, the final step sorry the next step will be to create a grid data object in. So I go to the components menu, create component.
And grid data, I'm going to go ahead and name that the same as the file itself. Let's just October 2010, because that's the event that we're going to model. I created that grid data. You see it created a note here in the tree for the precipitation grid. the precipitation grid
And now, I just need to reference that data here in this component editor.
So, I just need to go find the DSS file that I created on disk.
Whoops clicking too fast.
You can select any record in the DSS file. I'm just going to use the 1st 1.
You're gonna hit say, I've created the grid data object, and that's just a flexible object that can be used by other parts of the program. The next step will be to actually create a meteor logic model that references that grid data.
So, to do that, and we're going to go to components Matt model manager.
New, I'm going to name this map model, October 2010 just like I've named the other thing so that's the event that it contains. So I've created.
The met model and that's going to be right here in the tree under mat models.
And I'm just going to change the precipitation type to grid precipitation.
And then I'm going to go select that grid and the component editor that's all. There is good. I just created a meteor logic model.
From grid data, and you could actually add a number of different variables to this logic model, including temperature and things like solar radiation, a long way of radiation. And this case we're just doing a single event model.
So we're just going to model precipitation.
With that, I'll pass it back to Mike who's going to go over creating a stimulation and calibrating the model.
I think you're on mute right now, Mike, thank you. Tony.
All right any questions get rolling.
Don't see anything coming in the chat, but feel free to yell amount. All right so we're gonna pick back up.
Where Tommy just left, we have a parameterized media logic model, and a grid precipitation dataset. It's ready to go.
We need 1 last thing before we make a simulation and that is essentially a control specification that says what time window.
Do I want to use and what? Computational time interval do I want so I just created a control specifications.
I'm going to go in and I'm going to parameters that 1. um.
And that uses.
At time Windows, spanning 18, October, 2010.
Starting at 000 zeros at the beginning of the day and 2005, October, 2010 ending at 0000 and I'm going to use a 1 hour computational timestamp.
So this is the time step over which the compute it's actually going to occur. This is also by the default by default.
The timeline, or the, the time set that we're actually used for output some of the computational.
Estimates within each semester, the computational methods with an SMS automatically reduce that timestamp or slice the timestamp to achieve stability. We're not using any of those but there are some in there. You can also write out, write out data at a longer interval.
So, if you only want daily, average output, you can.
I'll put that as well, but by default, we're just gonna go with 1 hour.
Now, I have what it takes to actually make a simulation, so I'm going to click compute.
Create a compute simulation run. I'm going to call this October 2010 sticking with the theme.
And I need to select a basic model. We only have 1 so you got to select that need to select a met model and the other ones let's select that and I need to compete or select a computational specification. We only have 1 so select that.
Once I have those 3 steps completed now, I actually have a simulation run. That's ready to go.
And drum roll, we actually get to click on this awesome icon. The exploding ranger.
This coolest icon that has to offer and when we actually compute.
We're done, so that simulation took 3rd, it's actually compute, which is pretty sweet. We applied precipitation over every single 1 of these grid cells. We competed losses. We transformed that access precipitation.
I autograph to a direct runoff rider graph using a high degree of theory. They actually completed base flow, given everything infiltrated. We combined it all together again, routed it through these routing reaches combined with other inflows as well. well
At every single 1 of these elements in 3rd, so very, very nice now we can actually look at the results. So you click on an element and you can actually click on any 1 of these buttons up here at the top. Um, the 1st, 1 that I want to show.
Is, uh, time series plot for sub basins so we're gonna show you access uh, well, this is loss precipitation in red. This is total precipitation and blue. The difference between the 2 is excess. So that's how much was actually converted to run off.
Total run off paragraph is in solid blue here and base flow is in dash brown for a junction, or this junction in particular. We had already designated and observed flow time series.
So that's going to be the black with the diamond elements. This is a daily, average time series. Um, again, the solid blue is our computed results and we can compare.
I can contrast those, um, oh, I should have mentioned. We also have the summary table as well. So you can click on the summary table for and observed, or for an element that actually contains observed data. We're going to give you more than just a summary of the completed results, which is shown in the top panel.
We actually give you a comparison.
Of the computer results against the observed results. Really, really good thing, too, is we give you multiple statistical metrics, like, match, like, efficiency and percent bias and ratio of the standard R squared versus the senior.
Deviation is a really good things to actually ascertain model performance. And how good the results actually are, it's not just the old eyeball test. If you give it.
If you click on a routing reach, you can actually visualize those results. We show inflow and outflow for rounding reaches. We have a whole bunch of other elements in here like reservoirs. I'll actually show you pull elevation storage, inflow and outflow all this stuff as well.
So, the results are dependent upon the element that you actually want.
Um, what I like to do when I calibrate move this over here is compare.
Not just computed flow and observe flow, but I also want to look at those statistical metrics. So I'm going to open those in a separate window. Move it over here to the side. I really, really, really like to look at cumulative flow as well. It gives you.
A hint at other trends. So what I did was I clicked on the results tab.
Expand simulation runs, click on this specific stimulation run of interest click on this junction that actually contains output. And now we actually get all the time series that are computed for each individual element.
Or I show you the cumulative flow. This is a sub based element.
All these time series are things that we actually compute. So, if you want to look at how the canopy was performing during that time, period, you check that out if you want to see how much water was actually infiltrating or percolating out of the bottom of the soil layer you can check that out too.
But I'm interested in this junction and I want to plot cumulative outflow.
And I also want to comply plot, cumulative observe flow and what this does is give me a hint of an accumulation plot. So, this is similar to like a mass curve.
For precipitation, and I start to see trends, it's kind of difficult to ascertain whether or not, um.
The computed Hydra graph and blue is matching well, with the observed daily, average time series in black, given that they're from 2 different timestamps.
But the accumulation curve over here, the, the cumulative outflow curves, they give you a, a better hint as well. So I can see that. I'm starting to accumulate run off a little bit too soon. Right?
So, maybe I want to increase the initial loss.
So, I'm going to go to my global editor, say, open up that that deficit and constant global editor.
And I want to increase the amount of precipitation that is lost before, run off actually initiates.
Someone to apply that, and I can compute from this menu, which is really cool too. I click on the exploding ranger up there and you can actually see the results changed.
Now, I'm also like, maybe not.
Too confident in the peak here maybe they want more constant rates. So this is determining how much water once the initial deficit have been satisfied and how much water infiltrates or what's the rate of infiltration?
I'm going to compute that. I have reduced the piece quite a bit, but I've also better matched the accumulation over here. Now. I'm missing a bit. I'm under predicting on the 20th so maybe if we go back and change these parameters a bit.
Maybe I would change my transform parameters too. So I'll open up the global editor for transform and maybe I want to modify all of these.
By a common factor, someone to select them. Right. Click, say, fill and then multiply by a constant. And I want there's all to be reduced 75% of their initial values.
I'll click apply my compute. Everything will shift forward in time. Maybe I don't like those storage coefficients either. Maybe I want to reduce those by half.
Multiply by constant apply that and compute. It should become more. And it does this is starting to match a little bit better. I'm keeping on track of my statistical metrics here as well.
So, how is bias and national efficiency responding to each 1 of these changes? What are these changes actually mean we have guidance on them as well we want to give you multiple tools that you can use to actually ascertain model performance.
It's 1, other thing that I really, really like to do.
That is visualized the distribution of results in the spatial.
Manner so to do that, I'm going to go to the compute tab.
I'm going to expand this out click on the October 2010, then I'm going to click. Yes, I want to save space results by default. That's no, because we don't want to blow up your computer with too much information, but I wanted to break these out. Now. I'm going to save that. I'm going to re, compute.
to re compute
And now that I have that simulation run computed with space results toggled on. Now, I get a whole bunch of additional results that I actually want to visualize. Let's go ahead and look at incremental precipitation.
We just have to render those results for you real quick. Once that's rendered. Now, I can actually animate those results over time.
Right so this is how precipitation is distributed we turn on the train, so.
You can see how that works. This is how precipitation is distributed throughout the watershed at individual hour time steps. So each 1 of these grid sells is receiving a unique.
Precipitation amount every single time step I want to see what those precipitation amounts are at the specific time. I can hover my mouse over that and I get a tool tip with those values. If I want to see how does this grid sell respond throughout time.
I can right click on that grid cell and say plot spatial results. And this is the heat graph for that specific grid sale throughout all time.
I have other spatial results that I can visualize, like, cumulative precipitation. So this keeps track of how much precipitation fell we quickly overwhelm the scale. The scale is meant for inches. Sorry about that but you can quickly. See, this is essentially the mask curve.
Those specific time, so how much precipitation fell through that time window?
And other things like statistical metrics, I can actually visualize those. So, green is good.
Um, in terms of national efficiency, this has a score that's in this category right here.
Green is good. This helps when you have really large models, and you want to focus your efforts where the model is performing as well. As you actually want it to be calibration is an iterative process.
We have numerous tutorials that walk you through that process specifically. I want to point you guys towards, um, this.
Tutorial we have a complicated 1 as well, but.
This is Beauty's in the eye of the beholder and a lot of these things and we want you guys to think critically about this. If you have any questions about calibration feel free to hit us up. We can talk about it.
All right pass it back over to Tommy for forecasting.
All right, thank you Mike. So, Mike just did is well, what we've just done is we delineated a model, we parameterized that model.
And then added some battery conditions and then Mike calibrated the model, those boundary conditions.
So, we could call that a calibrated model in reality. I would like to get a few more calibration event.
Similar to what I might be using the model for. So we just went through 1 example, you'd probably select a 5 or so event to calibrate the model to to build confidence and stability to predict flow.
But let's just pretend we've gone through that calibration process at this point. We can use our model for a lot of things.
It really depends on what events we calibrate to, but a calibrated model could be used for D*** safety studies for climate.
Adaptation studies in this case, we're going to use our calibrate model for forecasting.
Alternative just to run a forecast over our base and for an upcoming event, there's a tool in that was recently added called automated forecast. And this just pulls in recent weather recent.
Um, climate modeling sorry and runs those boundary conditions over our base. So it's going to pull in data from what's called the global forecasting system and we'll just run that as precipitation over our base.
And so to do that.
I have my model all set up here. This is the model that we've been going through. This is our base and model. I'm just going to go to the compute tab.
And I'm going to select a forecast alternative manager manager. So this is for forecast alternatives. I'm going to select the auto button. This is for the automated forecast. There's an option here to provide a name. I'm just going to use a default, which is the current time.
The next step is, which basin do I want to run? This forecast over? I'm going to use the base and that we've calibrated, which is river.
We see a step here for a period. Now, we don't have great test data internationally so we're not actually going to use a hand cast period. Period is kind of just use to warm the model up.
But since we don't have data, we can't skip it provided that we do.
Pay attention to our initial parameters.
Finally, this is going to be the forecast data set and we're going to use the global forecast system.
They'll select that and run it. Now, the global forecasting system is, like I said, it's just a forecasting climate model that runs from current timeout 16 days.
So, what just did is reach out to the web, some web servers and pull down the latest forecasting data.
Downloaded it and then you saw very quickly, it just ran a simulation. So we just ran a forecast for inflows into the God. D**.
Let's just take a look really quick and what that looks like here is my calibration location that's not going to be so important in this case, because we don't have calibration data going out into the future, but that's okay.
We can take a look at what the data at that point looks like. And then let's take a look at.
Let's just take a look at this based on we can do things, like, look at the and the runoff response. So this just gives us an idea of forecasted precept or the base and the runoff response. I have a feeling for 100.
CMS is not a huge run off in this space and so this is probably pretty routine precipitation and then finally we can take a look at what employs to the D*** will look like it looks something like that. that
So, that's just a really quick application of our calibrating model is to run a forecast and something that's very commonly used throughout the world. The need to quickly generate a hydrologic forecast. So that's what the automated forecast affords you.
All right, well, I know that was a lot that we love doing demos and we.
Play with the software all day every day. So we tend to get pretty fast at it. But the good news is is we've recorded this whole session.
So, if you do want to go back and more slowly, go through things and watch what we collect, and how we clicked that is available, and we also have this entire tutorial available online. So that's what you see here this is posted publicly on our website.
So anybody can go access it along with all of the files.
So, with that, our agenda has a 10 minute break I appreciate it.
All of your attentiveness over the past hour, we want to give you a break because we know an hour is a long time to have an attention span. So, if.
You all want to take a break. We can re, get together back at 5. 0.
515 my time 815 your time, let's reconvene and will have.
Dr. J. Pat present on reservoir segmentation and siltation.
Now, in this break, period, we'll stay on the line in case. Anybody has any questions.
And feel free to reach out to you at.
15
is gonna feel hear from everybody.
You guys like what you're saying, but.
Does it look good you guys still out there?
Um, yes, I actually just have a bit of a question.
Um, in the absence of stream gauges, particularly in your modeling, smaller, some smaller watersheds, is there a way that we can calibrate those?
Or just model in particular.
That's the common problem. We're actually encountering here in the spirit now.
It's that we have these projects for.
Many smaller business and not all of our gauges and that.
In us yes, we don't have that much. I mean, we don't have sufficient, extreme gauges and every reverse. So again, the question is, do you recommend some methods in calibrating.
Those smaller reverse or smaller basis in this by the absence of some deals.
Yeah, that's a common problem. Not just internationally, but.
In the United States as well, except in the Delaware river watershed, where there seems to be a gauge about every 50 feet. Um.
There's always not always the case of, like, there's not enough information, especially where we want to.
Site infrastructure all the time. So what we rely upon are 2 different things. 1.
Um, the 1st thing up is we'll use physically based.
Parameters are physically based methods, say, like green and amps right. Is a really good 1. I might be able to go out and take a single sample and figure out what is the saturated hydraulic connectivity.
Of that small sample was the wedding front section head of that sample and that does a much better job of estimating the amount of water that goes into the soil and the amount of water that would be on the overlay plane then very, very empirical method.
Like deficit and constant, right? Um, those are good methods to use in the absence of calibrated date or calibration data.
2nd, we're always in the business of building regional.
Equations by which you can predict parameters or also predict results.
Um, that we want to ballpark or use for ballpark estimates, right? So we have regional regression equations to predict parameters.
Say the constant loss rate, for instance, is another 1 or or I mean of concentration is another 1 that I, that I demonstrated there really quick, but we also have regional regression equations to use to predict safe frequency flows that we want to ballpark.
Our estimates from this hydrologic model, which gives us much more detail against other locations within that area.
I should have said there's a 3rd, 1, there's usually data that's available and when I talk about, like.
Calibration data, I'm getting anything and everything I possibly can. So that may be picture.
Of the water surface elevation at whatever time, or there's water on the street over here. At this specific time. I don't have a Hydro graph to compare against, but I do know that water got at least this high at this specific time and I can use that.
Like, all the things that Tommy just showed us, we can go and grab precipitation or temperature data pretty much at any time. Um, and the recent past, and I can compare computed results against those observed results.
And I have a decent idea of whether or not my model is performing, but we never have data everywhere. We want it.
Um, that's a common problem. Well, we got to make do with with what we got.
Tommy, you want to add anything on top of that? Yeah, I'll just say, in this example, we didn't, we only had data at this location so we were able to parameterized and calibrate this database.
And now, this is a very simple way to do it, but all we did is literally apply the same parameters that we calibrated here in this space. And so it's just a matter of officially relating.
Confidence and looking at the watershed and the characteristics of the watershed that these 2 behave similarly.
Now, another probably better approach would be to expand the domain.
So, you might have a small sub base in somewhere in the Philippines.
You might be able to look around that sub basis for a base and with observed flow and do a calibration there and then apply those parameters back over to your engaged base. And so that's 1 way to do it.
If you do that enough times on enough different basis, you can start to build those regression equations or regression relationships and have a little bit more confidence in what you're predicting for on gauge base.
And we actually do that recently for the state of California was build models throughout the entire state.
And then do regressions based on our calibrated parameters.
I'll say I'm looking through the data for the Philippines at.
It wasn't bad. I, I've been places where there's absolutely nothing. So I was.
Happy to find this daily stream flow data. That's not to say, I don't know. Do you all know of other data sources?
I forget what this one's called. Where did I have that? I think it was from SMS, right?
Yeah, that's what it was called. Do you all know of other.
Stream flow, data sources in your country, or is that that go to.
I think here in the Department of public groups and here is we have we establish.
Some stream gauges with the help from us in USA before I think they partnered with the same.
Uh, I'm not sure, sir. Um.
Can you validate that? Yes. Good morning. Uh, currently, we are the ones that are managing the info management system.
The mandate for the collection is really good exercise.
Okay, good to know. Yeah, I'll say if you also another thing with the stream flow data is.
If you don't, you may not have it.
Temporarily when you need it, I was just clicking through some of these records and it's.
Very similar to the United States, and that you might have data for a certain period of time and not another, but you can certainly go back.
And your period of record, and find events in that period of record to calibrate your gauge to. So that's another thing.
If you don't have it, where you in a time sense, where you need it, just look throughout the record and maybe go backward in time or forward in time to find some.
Calibration type events in the record, and then for I know I went through it pretty quickly. I used the merge data. That's just a grid precipitation product that is available.
It's remotely sensed from NASA satellites and it's available throughout the world.
And the reality of things in United States, I recently helped somebody build a model in Hawaii.
And it does not have any sort of ground base.
Radar data, which we are quite accustomed to, and what we call a lower 48 or continental United States. Very.
We, we use radar based products quite frequently and they're pretty accurate but when we go over to a the line island, there's actually no radar based data. So, we're using. using
Similar data like this remotely sense from a satellite probably something that you would be using in the Philippines.
So, I got a question from, uh, Rivera asking if the simulation results.
It would be affected if there was an upstream dam, um.
Tommy, you want to take that 1? Yes, I certainly can.
And if you're speaking of this example, in particular there very well, could be, or, at least from small dams.
That I did not account for because I do not know the system very well, but yes, upstream regulation will affect affect flow. So.
Well, it depends on the regulation, let's just say that, and how much impoundment there is there on the Columbia river system in the United States? There's a lot of what's called run of river dams, which truly don't inbound and pound a lot of flow.
So, when we're modeling high flow events, which we're typically doing, and the U. S, Army Corps of engineers with a vested interest in flood risk management, those ads don't tend to affect the flow downstream.
But any dances and appreciable amount of storage.
We'll want to account for in the software, so that will affect what's happening downstream and you can build your model in a way that takes that into account by inserting dams into your system and building.
Storage discharge relationships for those dams usually based on data.
That's a good question. Any more on that Mike.
Yeah, everything that you said is 100% true. And we also grapple with the how much regulation is enough to make.
Appreciable changes all the time.
Um, there's a couple of different metrics that we use to ascertain that and depends upon them.
Level of the study as well, but we can talk more about that. If you would like.
All right, well, we're at our, er.
815 Mark 515 PM on the West Coast here. So let's have Jay go through his slides on reservoir. Sorry surface erosion and sediment transport modeling.
We'll go through that and around 20 minutes time, and then we can wrap things up with some slides on and answer some questions at that time.
All right with that, I'm going to turn it over to Dr. J pat.
Thank you. Um, I think so far as timing, Mike, are they trying to describe some surface run of modal capacity in.
So, now you need to change your gear from the fresh water to the something a little bit dirt.
Okay, before starting Saturday, man, you need some calibrated.
Surface 1 of them all that 1st, uh, without that, you can get there something, uh, accurate segment visual.
So, after you received your surfaced 1 of calibrate model, you can turn on a segment module.
Hold on inside the, and the way the proper.
Some input data set for.
And then you can calibrate it and validate it where the settlement ritual we need to segment measure data, then you can get to some Pre.
Reasonable segment ritual. Okay. That's what I'm talking from the now to the 20 minute some kind of new it's kind of sediment capacity in.
Okay, so, uh, this is a brief of view. 1st, 1 I want to talk to about some surface erosion segment, transfer process from the top to the bottom from the surface.
I mean, it so basin through the channel and the reservoir. Okay. And then top of that, I'm going to kind of explain about some sort of basins, surface, erosion method.
And then next 1 is a channel. Is it like a reach transport potential method?
And then finally inside the how.
Uh, dynamically in a calculate, the volume reduction based on the the.
Kind of, uh, uh, you know, inflow settlement.
Okay, with the long term simulation, we can calculate this some sediments siltation through the time to do the settlement inflow from the upstream watershed.
How much you're going to get the sediment reduction in terms of your settlement your regular capacity.
Okay, using that, I'm gonna share the some 2.
A case study 1 of them is a large volume reduction study, like, 30, 40 years simulation from the upstream segment inflow into the. How much does that?
Uh, you know, regular capacity reduced through the, that 30, 40 years assimilation. And then next 1 is a like a.
Surface origin, uh, from the upstream watershed through the channel through the, uh, it's kind of overall sentiment analysis, using North basket watershed, uh, around the central taxes. Okay.
That's my overview. Okay. This is.
Kind of a process inside the assessment process top to the bottom. Uh, 1st, 1, you can see watershed element. We call.
Sub basin inside, uh, so based on element, we have several option for settlement, especially for muscle modified, Universal soil authentication. This is a method for natural watershed.
And then built up workshop that is organized. Watershed.
Uh, in a settlement ill, the method, you can see the some green color around the, this flowchart recurring color is recently developed. Uh.
You know, some method based on the post wildfire condition, uh, this file method, uh, the debrief is under the post Wildfire, but we're not going to use the this 1, uh, an Unbound condition.
I want to concentrated the muscle, uh, this on the condition. And then I want to describe some 7 transfer function method for non 4 channel segment, channel, routing method.
We have a 7 transport method or a non and then 1 method for clone and material.
And the last 1 is to read a word, we have 2 options for segment trap efficiency.
A chance and balloons trap extension method based on that, you can calculate how much segment deposit into your renewal bottom then we can dynamically.
Calculated volume reduction how much kind of a segment.
Uh, inflow and deposit into the renewable bottom. During the time. Every time step, we can update it elevation area elevation storage curve.
So, then we can calculate the volume in the actual volume at each timestamp.
I'm going to more concentrated, this gradual element to do the, this presentation.
If this is so basin, I mentioned muscle modify the.
Universal soil authentication this is updated from the university also universal so soil authentication by, uh, William 975. he just replaced the and the energy factor, uh, by random factor.
uh by random factor
Okay, so as you can see here this segment.
Master occasion is a function of.
To serve is a surface 1 of a volume.
And then peak run rate. Uh, this is calculated actually, some clear water, uh.
Simulation using that, we can calculate the sentiment, the amount from the, each so basin and then as, you know,
the or additional input parameter that is more kind of a solar management factor for, especially for in the agricultural land. So this is additional factor.
So, as you can see, this is a component editor for erosion method, uh, in, uh, sub base and element. So you usually need to put this kind of input parameter.
But automatically calculate this to value and the, you just need to put the desk or input parameter, but also user needs to provide some.
Graduation curve mean is after see the task you need to provide some graduation curve for each sub.
Inside we have a 7.
Option for user, uh, this 7 option came from the.
Okay, we're using, uh, same engine to calculate the transfer potential method.
Uh, trying to transport potential amount so, as you can see the 7.
Master, and then we recently add a settlement delivery ratio for postal by condition, but you just needed to.
Kind of select the proper transport potential method based on that. There's some gradation information. What? There's some, you know, stream, uh.
Situation because each emperor, uh, you know, the.
Equation is generated for different situations. Some of the, from the actual some of them is a small river. Some of them is from the lab testing.
So depends on the situation you need to select the proper, uh, in the method you can find it some detailed information 1, day, settlement transfer. You just manual for each.
A transport potential method, you can get some idea, but inside the, you can choose to some perfect transport potential method from the disc component editor and then also you need some physical data.
It's a specific gravity and each grain side density.
Okay, this edge input perimeter and you need to choose the sum full ballast method. We have a full option. You need to just do 1.
Or balanced method there also has provided 2 option for graduations, greater scale. You can choose the 4 grain sites.
Place sale to send the gravel. Also you can choose the from the clay through the world of size.
Okay, that's the depend on your a battle data set. You can choose the 1 of them.
Okay, this 1 needs a transport capacity uh.
Before previous slide I mentioned about the trust transport potential.
Uh, from the 7, uh, different method, you can calculate the transport potential.
From the 1 of it, uh, method after that.
Multiplying by fraction of each.
Kind of a material, like a full grain size, then you need some fraction for clay sale to send the gravel inside active layer and then multiply the this transfer potential.
Then finally you can get the transfer capacity.
Okay, this transfer capacity compare with inflow settlement.
If you have a bigger than transfer, uh, bigger inflow, amount segment, a bigger than transfer capacity, then, uh, you're gonna have some deposit.
But your inflow settlement is a less than transfer capacity, then you're going to have some in a settlement like an arrow from the bottom.
Okay, and that's the kind of working we have actual equation function. We can, uh, calculated this 1 for each grain size.
And then after calculate some transport.
sandeman suspended the settlement inside the water column, based on the debt transfer potential compare with the info settlement.
But has pretty close, uh, you know, uh.
Some, uh, uh, cross section, uh, through the reach element.
But we don't have that detail cross section. That's why we cannot just kind of dump from the 1st control volume to the next control volume, uh, each timestamp.
Uh, so we have all option actually.
Then, uh, you can translate routing through the 1st.
Control volume to the next control volume. So I'm going to explain about this some, uh.
Volume ratio if you have some settlement.
A month we call suspense as suspended the settlement after calculate the deposit in origin that amount based on the volume ratio, volume out and sediment water, volume, inside water,
control volume and then.
A settlement, uh, s.
This water volume from outflow volume from the dead water control.
Uh, and then this 1 is total channel or in a control volume.
Or water control volume in that control volume. So, based on that, that ratio, and then you can multiply settlement.
Inside this control volume is that we call suspended and then you can calculate settlement out.
You can choose to 1 of them and then we can calculate it a segment out from the rich that's the inflow settlement. And this is outflow settlement. That's the after erosion and the partition and after segment routing.
That's why you can get us some discontinuation because a lot of sediment the partition inside the channel and the lag.
That is kind of function inside the channel.
Now, I want to move to, uh, I mentioned we have 2 option.
Inside the or segment trap, exchange method. This isn't worth the option chance trap, method, chance to track potential method, calculate the function of.
Critical velocity and then falling this piece of C is critical velocity. That's the function of H is a kind of legible high tabs divided the time. But this.
A chance method is make us some assumption, uh, make every different make us some assumption make a rectangular.
And then they make us some assumption H, divided T is equal over a.
Just simply calculate the is a critical.
Q, divided a okay. And then you can calculate the VC from here and then we serves as a full velocity. You can choose the 1 of a falling balance method in.
By comparing, and then we can calculate the trap efficiency, this edge equation situation. This is a turbulent situation. You can calculate trap actions here.
Next option is creation. This is a more rough.
Uh, based on the.
Capacity divided the BI annual inflow into the and then they can calculate the star booster.
Using that within power option, then they can calculate trap efficiency. This is a kind of there's a regression equation based on the data set and then they provided the 2 input parameter.
I mean, at the edge of.
A, is, uh, they provide us some range from the 95 to the 100.
Or a coefficient and the coefficient, they provide 5.37 to the 7.791.
Based on the there's kind of the original paper.
We can use the these 2 option in.
Okay with that so settlement inflow into the, we can using trap efficiency from the 1 about 2 method and then we can calculate this sediment partition.
Okay, so and then segment is calculated from the sentiment in flow - minus sentiment deposition. This is suspended a segment. This suspense is segment is like a rich element.
We're using volume ratio.
And then we can calculate it sentiment outflow from the.
Of this is processing inside the element.
Okay, now I need to talk about some volume ratio, uh, in in the volume reduction process in.
Vegetable element. Okay. So this process let's start here.
Okay, we can compute this. Some type this case is a using chance.
Method we can calculate trap efficiency and then compute facilitation volume in is how much the project based on the describe efficiency. Every time step we can.
Updated elevation storage curb and elevation area.
Okay, this area updated every timestamp.
And they're using this updated area to sub a, we can calculate the is a critical and then we can get the new chance to method through the system.
We can calculate updated our elevation area elevation storage curve. This is elevation storage.
So, inside that, we have 2 option, uh, 1st option is we call.
Bishop is or clay and sell to more buying particle because it's the project at the bottom, but for gravel and send more granular particle,
we can make a deposit upstream.
Here or you can choose the sum of downstream mean at the bottom.
So place else, we have 1 option just the, is that we hard coded by Sandy and global user can, uh, decided V shape or.
If we choose the V ship this elevation storage curve.
Original 1 is the green. This is the original.
Elevation storage curve if we choose the, you can update it deposit re, reduce those storage volume at the bottom.
Like, a green dot, but if you choose this, um.
A longer tape a sheet, and then is going to be reduced the volume from the upstream, uh, in the project upstream, then you can get some, this yellow shape.
So, using this theory process, updated each times, that elevation area, elevations project curve, then we can provide the volume reduction of each, uh, from, uh,
at the each timestamp for.
This 1 is Eugene to face, and from the regular, you can choose some trap evidence method 1 of them.
Trap transcribe efficiency, you can get some additional tabs that demand tab and then each method has a different input parameter.
Okay, using that calculated this.
At this stage, 1 of good resolve this elevation storage curve. A green 1 is the initial elevation storage a curve.
And then, uh, bottom 1 is a proper. 1 is a final elevation.
Storage curve, for example, if you go to some elevation 270 here initial 1.
Around this elevation this 1 had 1.
110,000 cubic meters storage, but through the dis simulation.
They're gonna lose up to 40,000.
Keeping me restored, that's the kind of volume reduction at this elevation. This much.
Okay, that's the 1 of option. And then this 1 is kind of accumulate segment load.
Uh, by tone, uh, through the, this for 5 months simulation, uh, this is accumulated this orange color is a major 1.
Okay, with a different method, you can get the some accumulated sentiment load.
Compare with this major data.
So this is a settlement load from the upstream.
Okay, this is the case study I mentioned, I'm going to show you some 2 cases study. This 1 is large.
So, uh, with a simple tool, so.
We can make us some simple model.
1 is a source element, we can provide the flow and, uh.
Settlement stores to the reservoir and then we can calculate just some offload, uh, you know, and then make us some synced element.
Using this simple 3 element inflow element element of and then we need to put the data.
Inflow from here, we need the daily settlement load. Uh, we got the, this 1 is to Kansas.
Water share the study and then incoming graduation.
This gradation curve for segment we from we got from the U. S. measurement.
And then Rachel element is here, uh, this is kind of our interface of.
We need to put some initial elevation storage curve and elevation area curve.
And then we need a selected some balloons, what chances said my method and then we needed decided some V shape or elongate shape for each green side.
And then this time we put this some specify the release, uh, we don't have detailed information for this kind of a vegetable operation,
but that's why we just kind of calculate the simple specify the release option.
And then we simulate it timestamped 12 hour time stamp. And then total lake is about the 30 year simulation about just some 50, 60, 57 years simulation. simulation
Pattern lake is about the 30 year assimilation.
Okay, I can show them some results here.
Uh, this is a total lake, uh, ritual, so you can see slowly. The line is a major.
Uh, from the survey.
Elevation and the volume changing.
And then this top line is simulation.
This green 1 is about 70 to 82 is a 10 year. 8,310 year simulation.
We have a little bit gap and the yellow 1 is about to 20 years simulation.
But it's pretty good, uh, through there is something in our bottom to the top.
And then, uh, this clay 1 is about to.
30 year assimilation, but up to this top line, we call multipurpose pool. Elevation is good, but after that, it's kind of a survey after.
And then blue line is about some 40 year simulation. It's a pretty good.
And then the final 1 is about a 50 or simulation, but we don't have a survey data after.
Multipurpose pool in this case, but until that, it's not bad.
But we have some specific calibration assumption because.
Still, we have a limitation, we don't have.
Regular shape factor, uh, this kind of a graduated a huge, long.
You know, late the shoes and the shape is Pre long, but we don't have that kind of a tool inside the. But we doing some kind of research at this moment for future.
Implementation, but at this moment, based on the current capacity, we just changing some portion of, uh.
Gradation curve mean, is we changing some small fine particle to the sand because it's a small particle. We cannot provide them enough time.
To the project, that's why we the discount option. So that's why we change the small particle option to the amount to the a little bit bigger particle.
So that means is we have just a 5% clay is a final graduation and the 95 of sand. of sand
Hey, this is calibrated. Some of them aren't from the fine move it to the send a more granular 1 and then we change it some specific way, because we move it to this amount to here.
And then we need to adjust the specific way are using this calibration. Uh, uh, you know, uh.
Method we can match like this. Okay. It's not bad.
And then another case, uh, we pretty much the same, uh, in, uh.
Methodology for this calibration for total.
Quick as you can see here is the green 1 is about the 10 year. It's not bad.
But this 1 is a survey error we confirm from the district, uh, engineer and then I.
Yellow 1 is a huge difference. I think if they said that there was just some kind of a bottom, uh, date on header, um, date when they make a survey.
But is the red 1 is about the 4, uh, 40 years simulation.
But pretty good up to around here.
So that's the 1 example from the.
Lake, and then this 1 is some kind of a comparison we, the settlement without simulation.
Okay, uh, this is the time, uh, Oriental 1. uh, the vertical 1 is poor elevation.
And then it's orange 1 is a magic pool elevation.
And then green 1 as blue 1 edge.
Calibrated model.
Resolved compare with orange and blue is a pretty good, but that is with a settlement.
But if you don't do some settlement on that is the support for this reservoir. This is a great color that gray line. It's a no settlement.
You're gonna get us some shooting different. Okay. Especially for long term settlement simulation for you need some settlement tool without settlement tool. You cannot get the accurate assimilation.
In terms of a volume in terms of the elevation.
That's what we found it and then we just compare with the.
This blue line, and the is, uh, great color.
But this is not bad. It's pretty close, but it's is a Pre kind of a 1 day.
Model, but this is a pretty simple, uh, 3 element only.
It's kind of in terms of a labor time for.
Uh, you know, the desk between the 2 model, I think model, uh, time to prepare the dis result. It's maybe less than 10% of.
Uh, you know, it's the labor time to prepare the test results with it. Just a simple kicking diary. Uh, but we're gonna provide pretty good. The regional.
This is what I want to show share with you guys.
This 1 is a case study, uh, with open nodes, PASCO watershed. Uh, this 1 is a central tax that you can see here this model chat, uh, divided.
68 sub, and then 48.
With a settlement us on that assist.
You can see we can provide us some, each sub.
It's kind of segment is rate per year year.
You can see the different color, and that we can provide some segment information at each. So, base knowledge, some percentage of each green site.
And then each element I just showing here, it's just the 2 collar.
Kind of degradation and aggregate aggravation here.
So, we can provide some kind of a settlement.
The partition, it was an information for each.
And therefore, reservoir you can see some small Polygon is about the 40 with a different color that we can provide us some trap rate.
And then each, so, based on how much you as a green color is about 79 to the 85% trap efficiency but red 1 is almost 90 to 95% trap efficiency this kind of information we can generate from the,
for detailed information for this study. You can find some ASC journal paper. I published this 1 based on the this sentiment analysis and then recently we generate the function.
recently we generate the function
And I played something something to the salmon ritual. If you want to know the some detail information, this upstream us.
Watershed and then you can just kind of using this 1 watershed with the 2 the last of last of them, it's just kind of lumped the more than like, this we call hybrid model.
Because it's a, if you make us some to the whole elevation whole watershed.
It's gonna take us so long because we're using 2 years, this watershed 2 year simulation for collaboration and the 2 years simulation for validation.
So, even 1 as a ramp to model 2 years simulation, take a in a time to simulate it.
But, uh, to D is you can generate some detail information inside the.
Which, uh, graded elevate, uh, kind of erosion, what the position, but take us some time.
Assimilation time this is expensive model.
I think this is my last slide that I'm gonna take over to the.
Mike, uh, for this upcoming enhancement.
Great Thank you. So I'll keep this Super short. I always like to include.
Some discussion of upcoming enhancements with an, we're never done. We're constantly adding new things. Um.
Interested partners come to us and ask for a feature. What not and we would like to to show that throughout.
Um, any presentation that we give, so some of the upcoming enhancements that were super interested in, this isn't a full list or exhaustive list, but just some of the stuff that we're super interested in, um, enhancements to the ensemble analysis. Um.
This helps us realize the effects of uncertain media logic or base model parameters as well. I showed a sample of that up front. We want to make that better, right? This is becoming more and more prevalent. We want to make use of these enhancements. Um.
Or make use of these features, and we're going to enhance that and make that easier for everybody.
To realize, I'm varying parameters or another 1.
so, if you want to change, say, constant loss rate or percent impervious throughout time, maybe you want to do a continuous simulation over the past 8 years and see how land use changes affected runoff rates at a point of interest.
We want to allow you to do that.
Daily greeted inputs, um, are something that we deal with all the time, but we are typically interested in modeling domains that are relatively small.
And daily boundary conditions don't quite cut it.
And we want to desegregate those delegated inputs in a smart way.
Um, to inform smaller modeling domains, so we're adding some enhancements to help with that grid data is the, um, way forward we think so. Tommy is massively buffing the.
Way that we actually parameterized grid models and also calibrate grid models starting in the summer. Stochastic storm transposition is what we're showing on the right um, there's actually 4. can you step back a couple, Jason? We're just the blank map. Stochastic storm.
Transposition works by varying the storm rate.
This is observed precipitation at a specific point. Say we wanted to move that and simulate it again. If it didn't hit right there maybe it hit a little bit further to the South. It's a good anatomy. Simulate that.
Save those results and we do it again, move it to the West this time.
So, go ahead and hit that 1 group or the further south, whatever, and then we hit it again. Let me say those results.
Look all the way to the West or the Northeast and it again, we want to go over here. I'm assuming like that. We save all these results this allows us to.
Perform flow frequency or stage frequency analyses in a much more holistic way. So, even more images that in the future slide.
Um, go ahead and click the next 1.
All right, this is showing that process, right? We have an observed event that we shift.
It's, there's nothing stopping it from happening anywhere else. It was just random chance that it fell where it did. Now we're just going to randomly move that storm and let it progress how it actually did fall.
Over the watershed, and we're going to do this over and over and over and over and over again. We're just showing 4 instances here, but if we do this hundreds or thousands of times, we can generate flow frequency curves. Give me the next animation.
This is what we want for D*** and Libby safety analysis. They give me the animation J click on that next 1. all right.
This is the information that we're after there's blue are the, the black dots um.
This is, we're investing heavily in this. We're going to be rolling out stochastic storm, transposition plans for it for the entire country.
The entire account, and the United States to generate better low frequency estimates.
Uh, throughout the country, this is part of efforts that we're undertaking with the female. Um.
And the core of engineers is investing heavily within this. I think this will help everybody. If you're interested in flow frequency, this will help you.
All right, let me take it over to Tommy. All right. Thanks, Mike. Thanks, Jay. So, I'll just mention before we end today.
1 feature that's probably under utilized, but we do have interface translation available for.
So that means that you can rewrite well, not really rewrite, but structure in a way, you essentially create a properties file and you can translate the user interface in any language.
So, I don't know if that's something that this group would be interested in. But it is available if you are, if that makes your life, your modeling life, any easier.
All right, and then let's go to the next slide, which I think is just a wrap up. So yeah, that wraps up our.
Presentation for today so we, thank you for your attentiveness. I'll say I know we covered a lot of ground today and a 2 hour session is pretty long. So.
Hopefully, we can get you the slides that we use today with all of the links, and you can go back and revisit everything that we covered and a little more detail. And then we'll also send out the video that we've used today.
And then, finally, I know that Paul Cruz from our Pacific Ocean division office has been working with some of you to try and set up a longer term agreement.
So, if you like, what you saw today, and you think there's more that you would like to learn about, please mention that to Paul.
We typically give courses over a week in duration is approximately we give anywhere from 234 and 5 day courses. day courses
On the software, the most common of which is what we call our basic class.
Which is a 36 hour, course where we go through the modeling and get everybody up and off the ground running. We give that pretty commonly within our organization and we give it to others.
So, if that or any other topics are of interest to, you just let Paul know about that.
I know we couldn't cover everything in detail today, but with a little more targeted training, we can certainly work with you.
All another thing we do with other partners is, do these agreements where we do person person to person exchanges?
So, that means that 1 of your engineers might come to our office in Davis and sit with 1 of our engineers for a month. And then vice versa. 1 of our engineers might come to you and help train you and the software and whatever application might be.
If that's forecasting or setting that we can have an engineer that helps you with your modeling.
So, we have just a few minutes left. We will, we will, we can, and we'll stay on a line until you are 9 o'clock.
For any questions, I'll go ahead and stop the recording here and then.
We can just answer any questions.